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Chronology
Africa
UK, Africa

The United Kingdom has been surprisingly silent about Nigeria’s harsh new laws targeting homosexuals. This would be the perfect situation for the British government to launch its much-heralded policy of cutting aid money to countries that discriminate against homosexuals, but so far British money to Nigeria keeps flowing, and British officials remain silent. There’s a reason for this – but it’s not good enough. By SIMON ALLISON.

It’s been five weeks since the UK announced, in a blaze of publicity and self-congratulation, that it would be taking a firm stand to protect gay rights in developing countries. In coordinated statements, both Prime Minister David Cameron and international development minister Andrew Mitchell explained that Britain would now reduce or redirect aid money away from countries with poor records on gay rights - specifically African countries such as Ghana, Malawi and Uganda. To prove their seriousness, Mitchell pointed out the UK had already cut $30 million from funding to Malawi. A notable statistic, but misleading; the cuts in funding… More

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South Sudan

A cabinet reshuffle in Khartoum saw 14 posts go to members of the opposition - at first glance a rare sign of President Bashir loosening his grip on power. But in Sudan there’s opposition and there’s opposition, and Bashir is only embracing the people he thinks he can control. By SIMON ALLISON.

There are a lot of people in Sudan who aren’t too happy with the government of President Omar al Bashir. But as in any broad-based opposition movement, there are plenty of different opinions on what the most effective opposition to his regime would be, and also plenty of different opinions as to what and who should replace him. It is these schisms in the opposition movement that Bashir is trying to exploit with the announcement of his new cabinet. This is the first reshuffle since the secession of South Sudan and change was expected. But the top posts have remained… More

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Kenya

1Time’s new route to Mombasa, Kenya is an exciting expansion of its small but growing African network. It wants to get bigger, and – with other low cost airlines – make Africa’s exorbitant airfares a little cheaper. But it’s expanded just about as far as the continent’s governments will let it. By SIMON ALLISON.

Africa is an expensive place to fly. From Johannesburg, it costs about as much to get to Kenya as it does to London, and if you want to go somewhere even slightly more obscure – Accra, perhaps, or Lagos – it will be significantly more. The low fares revolution has not arrived in Africa yet, and business and tourism are suffering as a result. Which is why 1Time’s announcement of their new route between Johannesburg and Mombasa, Kenya’s second city, is good news for the continent. 1Time is well established in South Africa, and it’s the only low fares airline… More

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Zimbabwe

They’re beginning to sound like the paranoid delusions of a madman. In most other countries Morgan Tsvangirai’s claims of plots, conspiracies and set ups would be dismissed without a second thought. But this is Zimbabwe, and here Tsvangirai should be heeded - carefully. By SIMON ALLISON.

Morgan Tsvangirai, Zimbabwe’s Prime Minister and opponent-in-chief of President Robert Mugabe, ended last week with an emotional statement about how he was breaking up his brand new marriage amid suspicions that he’d been set up by Zanu-PF. This week he continued along the same lines, alleging he was the target of a plot to plant some kind of incriminating documents in his offices. Apparently, the plan was for the police to raid the offices once the documents were in place and discover them. “The raid, which is scheduled to take place in the next two weeks, will result in the… More

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Libya

The revolution might be won, but there’s still plenty of chaos and guns around Libya, and especially in Tripoli. The newly appointed interim government is struggling to cope with armed militias that control the city, so people are taking matters into their own hands. By SIMON ALLISON.

There’s a lot of men with guns wandering around Tripoli at the moment, and Tripolitans aren’t very happy about it. Nobody has any real control over the city and firefights are common. Loosely organised militia, groups defined by geographical region, are the fighters that helped topple Gaddafi’s regime. For the most part, at least, there are also reports of pro-Gaddafi fighters still causing problems in the city. But the revolution’s over now, a new government has been appointed and surely it’s time for the militias to hand in their weapons and go home. But so far they haven’t gone anywhere,… More

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Egypt

Egyptian blogger and activist Alaa Abd El Fattah has been detained in prison on trumped-up charges since 30 October. An appeal on Monday for him to be released immediately was dismissed. On Tueday his wife and fellow activist Manal Bahey Al Din Hassan gave birth to the couple's first son, Khaled. El Fattah remained behind bars, rather than being able to attend the birth of child. By THERESA MALLINSON.

Khaled Alaa, aka @Khalaaa, joined Twitter mere hours after he was born on Tuesday. By Wednesday evening, his account was fast approaching 2,000 followers.  But, for all his support on the interwebs, for all the love and attention of his mother, activist Manal Bahey Al Din Hassan, right now baby Khaled is missing one thing: a personal welcome from his father. Khaled Alaa's father is Alaa Abd El Fattah, the Egyptian blogger and activist who's been detained since 30 October. El Fattah was originally detained for 15 days; this period was extended for further 15 days; and then for the… More

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Zimbabwe

On Sunday, three advocacy officers from Media Monitoring Project Zimbabwe were arrested by the police. Then on Monday, the MMPZ's Harare offices were searched, and Andrew Moyse, the MMPZ project co-ordinator, was also detained. Although Moyse was released yesterday, his three colleagues are still imprisoned. The Crisis in Zimbabwe Coalition is demanding their immediate release. Doesn't seem the government is listening though. By THERESA MALLINSON.

On Sunday, Media Monitoring Project Zimbabwe advocacy officers, Fadzai December, Molly Chimhanda, and Gilbert Mabusa, were arrested in Gwanda on charges of organising an unauthorised meeting and “participating in gathering with intent to promote public violence, breaches of the peace or bigotry”. On Monday the organisation's offices in Harare were searched with a warrant, and 127 training DVDs confiscated. The search warrant stated that the police had reason to believe MMPZ may have been “publishing or communicating false statements prejudicial to the state”. But according to an MMPZ statement, the DVDs were, in fact, “essentially calling upon the media to… More

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Eritrea

The United Nations Security Council passed new sanctions against Eritrea on Monday, punishing the tiny country in the Horn of Africa for its continued political, financial, training and logistical support to Al Shabaab, the radical Islamist militant group in Somalia – an allegation which Eritrea denies. But with sanctions as weak as these, there’s not much incentive for Eritrea to change its ways. By SIMON ALLISON.

Helping the Security Council make up its mind to impose new sanctions on Eritrea were officials from five of Eritrea’s neighbours, who spoke via video link from Addis Ababa. But it was Ethiopia, Eritrea’s mortal enemy, that really enjoyed putting the boot in. Said Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi: “Eritrea is a prime source of instability for the whole region. It's a problem of attitude, of a certain clique in Asmara [Eritrea’s capital] that has never grown up; it's a problem of lawlessness and reckless disregard for international norms.” Initially, the sanctions – proposed by Gabon, enjoying their temporary seat… More

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Guinea Bissau

Guinea Bissau’s leader is in a Paris hospital to receive treatment for an illness too serious to tell his people about it himself. In the meantime, in what feels like a repeat of recent history, his officials are frantically denying rumours of his death. We’ve been here before, and on that occasion it didn’t end very well for Nigeria’s former president Umaru Yar Adua – or Nigeria. By SIMON ALLISON.

One of the very first things I learnt as a journalist was that denials, cast in a certain light, could be as damaging as admissions of guilt. “Mayor denies he’s gay” was the example used to illustrate the point. After a headline like that, it hardly matters if the poor mayor is gay or not; his denial implies he is. No smoke without fire, and all that. The headlines around the health of Guinea Bissau’s President Malam Bacai Sanha fall into a similar category. Since Thursday, Sanha has been in a French hospital after spending more than a week in… More

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Durban

Negotiations at the UN Climate Change conference, COP17, have so far focused on the politics of the mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. Equally important, however, are the negotiations on adapting to the effects of climate change in embattled parts of the developing world like Africa’s Sahel. By KHADIJA PATEL.

At the opening ceremony of high level segment of COP17 on Tuesday, President Jacob Zuma stressed the need to redirect climate change discussions towards the adaptation to real-life effects of climate change. African leaders reiterated that Africa stood to be worst hit by climate change while contributing the least to the problem itself. Both Ethiopian Prime Minister Meles Zenawi and Gabon’s President Ali Bongo Ondimba stressed the effects of climate change on the Sahel region of Africa. The Sahel is a semi–arid zone that is one of the poorest regions in the world.  Some countries in this region are on… More

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Uganda

In the early hours of Thursday morning, Charles Ingabire, a Rwandan journalist in exile in Kampala, Uganda, was fatally shot. The murder weapon? No less than a submachine gun. In fairness, it's probably too early to say who was behind Ingabire's death; still, it seems reasonable to assume this was no random killing. By THERESA MALLINSON.

Wednesday 23 November marked the International Day to End Impunity. According to the campaign's website: “The International Day to End Impunity is a call to action to demand justice for those who have been killed for exercising their right to freedom of expression and shed light on the issue of impunity. Every day around the world journalists, musicians, artists, politicians, and free-expression advocates are being silenced, often with no investigation or consequences to their persecutors.” Just a week later, Rwandan journalist-in-exile Charles Ingabire was fatally shot outside a bar in Kampala, Uganda. Nothing will bring Ingabire back. But the very… More

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World

There was a time when you could buy yourself a big shiny rock with a clean conscience. Thanks to the Kimberley Process, you were confident it would not fund child soldiers or murderous African warlords. But that time is no more, according to Global Witness, which has withdrawn from the process in a move that shocked the industry and should make consumers think twice before buying any more of a girl’s best friends. By SIMON ALLISON.

“Let me tell you a story,” said Global Witness spokeswoman Annie Dunnebacke in a phone interview with Daily Maverick. Dunnebacke was explaining Global Witness’s unexpected decision to withdraw from the Kimberley Process, the diamond certification institution meant to solve the problems around blood and conflict diamonds. Global Witness played an important role in lobbying for the establishment of the Kimberley Process, and has since enjoyed – or not enjoyed, as the case appears to be – observer in proceedings. Dunnebacke’s story is short, but illustrative; it highlights exactly why the NGO felt it could no longer participate. “I’ve sat very… More

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South Africa

South Africa’s black lesbians and transgender men in disadvantaged areas regularly confront hostility and abuse from their families, communities and in their workplaces, according to a damning Human Rights Watch report released on Monday. By GREG NICOLSON.

In binary opposition to the rights enshrined in the Constitution, the culture of stigma and discrimination often leads to unchecked physical and sexual violence, said the report titled “We’ll Show You You’re a Woman”. But you know that, right? It’s hard to ignore after the 2006 stabbing and stoning of a young lesbian from Khayelitsha, Zoliswa Nkonyana, two of whose alleged murderers were acquitted while the remaining four are still in court. The Human Rights Watch report seeks to explain the culture that creates the conditions for acts such as corrective rape – violence against perceived identity difference, so contradictory… More

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Egypt

The apprehension is palpable. Ever since the Muslim Brotherhood strolled to victory in Egypt’s parliamentary elections last week – their assured performance built on decades of grassroots organisation and community development – the headlines making international media have been dominated by talk of the “Islamists” in Egypt and the incipient threat to the democracy which Egypt is still struggling to realise. Are they terrorists? Are they going to implement Sharia law? Just how scared should we be? By SIMON ALLISON.

So Egyptians have voted, and a whopping 36.6% of them voted for the Muslim Brotherhood, competing under the banner of the Freedom and Justice Party. As the election continues (there are two more rounds), this percentage could well increase. Either way, it’s clear the Muslim Brotherhood is by far the most popular political group in the country. The same Egyptians who fought in the revolution for the right to democracy and the right to choose their own leaders have now chosen, and their choice is scaring plenty of international (and especially American) analysts. But how scared should they really be?… More

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Kenya, Sudan

The diplomatic spat between Kenya and Sudan over Bashir’s arrest warrant continues, with a Sudanese ultimatum making a mockery of Kenyan attempts to rectify the situation. The ultimatum was clear: Kenya has two weeks to sort the problem out, or else. But Kenya might find that rather tricky. By SIMON ALLISON.

Kenya’s foreign minister returned home from an emergency visit to Khartoum, satisfied he had soothed ruffled feathers and averted a potentially dangerous diplomatic incident. The visit was precipitated by a Kenyan court ruling ordering the country’s security forces to arrest Sudan’s President Omar al Bashir should he ever set foot on Kenyan territory. Sudan was none too happy and threatened immediate retribution. “Sudan had set out a raft of reprisals against Kenya that would have had a negative effect on our economy and country...We were able to stop these,” said a relieved Moses Wetangula on his return to Nairobi. But… More

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Egypt, DRC

Last week’s elections in the Democratic Republic of Congo and Egypt went about as well as could be expected. Observers pronounced themselves broadly satisfied, with caveats. Results are being processed. But now comes the hard part. For elections to mean anything, politicians need to learn hard lessons about choice and acceptance. By SIMON ALLISON.

So neither election was perfect. In the DRC, voting was marred by a number of irregularities - registered voters couldn’t find their names at polling stations, completed ballots were discovered before voting even began, polling stations were attacked in some parts of the country and witnesses reported seeing incidents of ballot stuffing. But the overwhelming reaction to these issues was that they are minor in the grand scheme of things. Various electoral observer missions pronounced satisfaction with the process, confident any rigging was too minor to have an impact on results. In Egypt the difficulties were less pronounced, although the… More

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Zimbabwe

It’s easy to laugh at Morgan Tsvangirai’s failed marriage which lasted just 12 days, if it even happened at all. Jokes comparing him to the Kardashians are inevitable, but misplaced. Tsvangirai’s story is more classic tragedy than modern reality show. By SIMON ALLISON.

Morgan Tsvangirai’s second marriage was unusual from the start. His bride, Locadia Tembo, was a local businesswoman, but also sister to an MP representing Zanu-PF, the party that Tsvangirai has been fighting against his entire political life. So they were always going to be star-crossed lovers, their union not accepted or acceptable to elements within Zimbabwe’s deeply divided political establishment. And lovers they were, apparently; Tembo is said to be pregnant with twins, with Tsvangirai the father. Then there was the seemingly minor detail that their union was formalised in November, when a delegation from Tsvangirai delivered the lobola to… More

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Zimbabwe

After Zanu PF-aligned group Chipangano threatened action against Nando’s for flighting a satirical advert featuring Zimbabwean President Robert Mugabe (via DStv), the fast-food chain has withdrawn the commercial from our screens. And yes, that includes South Africa. We can still all watch it on YouTube though, where it's gone viral, racking up almost 25,000 hits so far. By THERESA MALLINSON.

You’ve probably seen the latest Nando’s advert on television or, if not, then on YouTube, under the title: “Last dictator standing”. The one where Zimbabwean dictator, erm president, Robert Mugabe sits down to dinner all alone, during which he remembers the good old days when he frolicked with Muammar Gaddafi, Mao Tse-tung, Saddam Hussein, PW Botha, and Idi Amin. Although Mugabe has set six places at his table, all his dictator friends (the ones referenced in the advert at least), are now dead. Watch: Last dictator standing: The soundtrack: Mary Hopkin’s Those Were the Days. (Sample lyrics: “We’d live the… More

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South Sudan

The recent case of two journalists detained in South Sudan, and their subsequent release without charge, illustrates the difficulties the media faces in the newly independent country. South Sudan may now be free, but its press clearly isn't. By THERESA MALLINSON.

Sudanese editor Peter Ngor Arol Garang spent 18 days in detention last month, along with his columnist colleague Dengdit Ayok, who was detained for 13 days. Garang's newspaper, The Destiny, had dared to publish a column criticising the fact that President Salva Kiir's daughter had married an Ethiopian national. South Sudan's National Intelligence and Security Service called Garang in, allegedly for a meeting “to know one another with the editors and to see how best they in the security section could work together with the media practitioners in gathering information for common good of the country and the entire citizenry”.… More

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The Gambia

Last week president of The Gambia, Yahya Jammeh, gave journalists yet another one of his strongly-worded messages. In short: media freedoms will be curtailed for the good of development. He doesn't seem to notice, or care, about the false binary his remarks imply. By THERESA MALLINSON.

On Friday Yahya Jammeh, president of The Gambia, was re-elected for a fourth term. He rose to power in a 1994 coup, which means he's been in charge for 17 years – and since he's only 46 years old, it doesn't look as if he's going to cede his office willingly for many years to come. Like all good dictators, Jammeh is no fan of the media, and has enacted a series of repressive media laws during his time in office. No surprise then, that this election period he was on the offensive against journalists. Jammeh addressed reporters after casting… More

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The Hague

There’s little doubt that Laurent Gbagbo, the former president of Côte d’Ivoire, deserves to stand trial for what happened under his watch and, allegedly, under his direct command – the rapes, the beatings, the murders. But is the International Criminal Court the best place to see substantive justice done? And is now the right time to do it? SIMON ALLISON is not so sure.

Oh, how the mighty have fallen. It was earlier this year, 11 short months ago, that Laurent Gbagbo  was sitting pretty in his presidential palace in Côte d’Ivoire. There were elections coming, but he wasn’t too worried; he had the advantage of incumbency, and knew that if somehow he didn’t win the vote, he could always fix it. But fixing these elections proved more problematic than he’d anticipated, and his ham-fisted attempts at manipulating the results inflamed the opposition, both the politicians and the militia groups who were anxious for any opportunity to seriously challenge Gbagbo’s authority. The result was… More

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Swaziland

It isn’t just South Africa that has an almost insurmountable HIV/Aids problem. Countries like Swaziland have it worse: they are hit by the double whammy of the pandemic and a really bad economy, which severely limits treatment programme options for the government. SIPHO HLONGWANE spoke to Swazi “expert patient” and counsellor Sikhulu Matsenjwa about his experience of living with HIV/Aids in one of the poorest countries in the world.

South Africa currently funds about 90% of the antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme being run through its own funds. The health minister Aaron Motsoaledi said that there was a recognition from the earliest stages of the programme that basing it on foreign donations and grants was completely unsustainable, and thus they stayed away from that option as much as they could. Other neighbouring countries didn’t have that luxury. It is thought that about 60% of Zimbabwe’s ART is funded by The Global Fund to Fight Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria, a body set up by the United Nations in 2001 after it… More

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Kenya, Sudan

Sudan's cut diplomatic ties in disgust at a Kenyan court decision to arrest President Omar al-Bashir if he's ever in Kenya again. While this has caught Kenya's bemused government by surprise, alienating Sudan might just have made its incursion into Somalia significantly more rigorous. By SIMON ALLISON.

It was in frustration more than anything else that Sudan expelled the Kenyan ambassador on Monday, abruptly cutting off diplomatic ties between the two countries. With all the problems the regime in Khartoum has - the failing economy, the domestic protests, the various rebel movements that just won't go away and the lingering disputes with South Sudan - the last thing Bashir and his government need is for one of their few allies to turn against them. Not that Kenya was much of an ally, gravitating naturally towards South Sudan. But Kenya has nonetheless been sympathetic to Khartoum, most significantly… More

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Africa

Evangelicals, Charismatics, Happy-Clappies, Ecstatics – call them what you will, they’re now more than 10% of Africa’s population and starting to flex their political muscles. This is Christianity on steroids, fuelled by devotion to God, the promises of better things to come, and just a little bit of American stardust. But who’s leading the prayers? By SIMON ALLISON

The signs of the Christian revival in Africa are hard to miss. In Nairobi, billboards for churches compete with mobile phone and beer adverts, while Zambia’s national TV broadcasts healing sessions where witnesses “testify” that she who was blind can now see. This is the age of Africa’s evangelicals, whose brand of religious fireworks coupled with a powerful self-improvement doctrine is proving irresistible to Africans in their millions. One hundred million, to be exact. Joe Imakando, head of Lusaka’s Bread of Life Church, and president of the southern African region of the Association of Evangelicals in Africa (AEA), explained the… More

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Egypt

When Egyptians went to the polls on Monday, several journalists and bloggers were still nursing bruises and broken limbs after the crackdown on the media in the lead up to the elections. Others remained in jail. Seems the country's current military rulers are no better than the Mubarak regime – certainly not in their treatment of the press, particularly female journalists. By THERESA MALLINSON.

Egypt's elections have had their share of uncertainty: the recent surge of protests in Tahrir square and doubts about whether the military junta is all that ready to cede power. But throughout the lead up to the first elections since Hosni Mubarak was toppled from power in February, one thing has remained a constant: the harassment and brutality directed at journalists. On 21 November the Committee to Protect Journalists reported that at least 17 journalists had been assaulted by security forces over the preceding weekend, according to the secretary-general of the Egyptian Press syndicate. The attacks took place both in… More

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South Africa

Medecins sans Frontieres doesn’t mince its words. Should the current trend of less money for HIV/Aids treatment programmes continue, all the progress seen in the last few years will be wiped away. By SIPHO HLONGWANE.

MSF warned it’ll be back to the dark days of the late 1990s and earlier in this millennium. The problem, obviously, is that the massive global recession (and mismanagement of funds by recipient countries) have led to donor fatigue in rich countries – and the victims are the poor countries in sub-Saharan Africa. It isn’t often that a single announcement manages to shake an entire region. But the one issued last week by the board of The Global Fund to Fight Aids, Tuberculosis and Malaria that it would have to cancel the 11th round of funding, certainly did. This means… More

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Mali

Timbuktu is neither mythical nor exotic. It exists - a harsh, cruel and ugly reality, as the South African citizen kidnapped there on Friday found out. Timbuktu’s romance has long gone, its exoticism extinguished by problems all too modern and all too familiar. By SIMON ALLISON.

It’s instructive to study a map of Mali, contender for the world’s strangest-shaped country – two pyramids of land placed end to end, one bigger than the other, stuck at a strange angle slap bang in the middle of Africa’s bulge. Bamako, the capital, is in the far south and as you head north you can see the country is relatively densely populated, the map littered with the strange and exotic names of cities, towns and villages. It’s in this area that the authority of Mali’s government holds sway - a poor, struggling government, but one that’s been democratic for… More

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Zimbabwe

Zimbabwe’s still not producing enough food, according to the World Food Programme, and a million people will need food aid in the near future. But the country is producing a lot more food than it used to as its battered agricultural sector recovers. By SIMON ALLISON.

The headline of the World Food Programme warning about Zimbabwe is bad, but the substance of the story is actually quite encouraging for the country. Yes, the fact remains Zimbabwe, once the breadbasket of southern Africa, now can’t feed itself. The WFP estimates there are a million people needing food assistance in the near future and that 12% of the rural population won’t be able to feed themselves in the pre-harvest season until March 2012. Even worse is that while the WFP has begun the feeding process, it’s facing a funding shortfall of $42 million. Zimbabwe is still recovering from… More

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Kenya

A Kenyan survey into political corruption struggled to single anyone out for criticism. The problem? They’re all dirty – at least as far as the Kenyan public is concerned. Not that the politicians will be too worried; after all, politics isn’t always about serving the public. By SIMON ALLISON.

One imagines that Kenyan politicians were secretly pleased with the results of a report compiled by the Kenyan Anti-Corruption Commission into exactly who are seen as the most corrupt politicians in Kenya. The conclusions of the report – as described by Kenya’s Daily Nation newspaper – were based on a public opinion survey, and the results were comprehensive: the most corrupt politicians are ministers, their assistants, parliamentarians, heads of parastatals and government departments, and councillors. So that’s all of them, really. The finding is useful for Kenya’s politicians; its scope means that no particular group is singled out for criticism.… More

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South Africa

“Africa’s Pinochet” Chad’s brutal former dictator Hissene Habre has been in exile for 20 years, sunning himself in his Dakar home as his countrymen bickered about how and where he should stand trial. Now they’ve agreed he can be tried in Belgium. All the same, Habre’s case reveals how international justice is sometimes no justice at all. By SIMON ALLISON.

Hissene Habre has spent more time in exile than he did ruling Chad. But he was very busy during his eight years in control of that large, dusty and sparsely-populated country (1982-1990), and still today it bears some resemblance to the brutal police state Habre established. “Africa’s Pinochet”, Human Rights Watch calls him, a reference to the estimated 40,000 murders under his regime, along with about 200,000 torture victims. These are estimates given by a Chadian commission of inquiry formed by Habre’s successor, Idriss Deby, who remains in power after unseating Habre in a coup 21 years ago. The story… More

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